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1 типы телосложения Кречмера
Russian-english psychology dictionary > типы телосложения Кречмера
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2 полидименсиональный диагноз
Большой русско-английский медицинский словарь > полидименсиональный диагноз
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3 νύμφη
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `bride, young lady', also appellation of a goddess of lower rank, `nymphe' (Il.) (Nilsson Gr. Rel. I 244ff.); metaph., e.g. `insect-pupa' (Arist.; Gil Fernández Nombres de insectos 208 ff.).Other forms: Dor. -ᾱ (-ᾰ voc. Il. 3, 130 Chantr. Gr. hom. 200); AP 14, 43; Solmsen Wortforsch. 266)Compounds: Compp., e.g. νυμφό-ληπτος `seized by the nymphs, raptured, delirious' (Pl., Arist.), μελλό-νυμφος `becoming bride', also `betrothed' in gen. (S., Lyc., D. C.).Derivatives: A. Nouns. 1. νύμφιος `bridal' (Pi.), with accentchange νυμφίος m. `bridegroom' (II.; on νύμφη, νυμφίος Chantraine REGr. 59--60, 228 ff.); 2. νυμφ-ίδιος `bridal, wedding-' (E., Ar.; after κουρίδιος, s. on κόρη); 3. - ικός `id.' (trag., Pl. Lg.); 4. - εῖος, ep. -ήϊος `bridal, belonging to the bride' (Simon, Pi., S., Call.; as κουρήϊος, γυναικεῖος, -ήϊος etc.; Chantraine Forrn. 52); 5. - αῖος `belonging to the nymphs, sacred to the n.' (E., inscr.), - αία f. name of a water-lily (Thphr.); 6. f. νυμφάς, - άδος `belonging to the n.' ( πύλαι; Paus.); 7. νυμφίδες ὑποδήματα γυναικεῖα νυμφικά H. ; 8. νυμφών, - ῶνος m. `bridechamber' (LXX, Ev. Matth.); 9. νυμφάσματα n. pl. `bride's ornaments' (Orac.; prob. after ὑφάσματα freely formed; hardly with Thomas [s. Kretschmer Glotta 6, 307] haplological from *νυμφ-υφάσματα) ; 10. Νυμφασία f. Arcad. source, s. Krahe Beitr. z. Namenforsch. 2, 237 a. 3, 162 (cf. below against Kretschmer). -- B. Verbs 1. νυμφεύω `give in marriage, marry', pass. `be wedded' (Pi., S., E.) with νυμφεύματα n. pl. `marriage' (S., E.), sg. personified `bride' (S.; Chantraine Form. 186), νύμφευσις f. `marriage' (LXX); νυμφευ-τής m. `bridegroom' (E.) `groomsman' (Poll.), - τήρ `bridegroom, husband' (Opp.; Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 135), f. - τρια `bridesmaid' (Ar., Plu.), - τήριος `bridal', τὰ ν. `marriage' (E.). -- 2. νυμφ-ιάω `be in a frenzy', of a mare (Arist.; after the verbs of disease in - ιάω, Schwyzer 732).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: Unexplained. After Kretschmer Glotta 1, 325 ff. as `beloved, lover(ess)' to Lat. nūbō `marry' (prop. of the woman), OCS snubiti `love, court', IE * sneubh-. Also Meringer WuS 5, 167 ff. connects νύμφη with nūbō etc., but as `cover', as he takes, with Wiedemann, Wackernagel a. o., nūbō as `cover oneself' (cf. ob-nūbō); rejected by Kretschmer Glotta 7, 354. The inner nasal in νύμφη is then unexplained; failed attempts with mechanical root-analysis by Specht Ursprung 268 a. 282. Glottogonic speculations without interest are also mentioned by W.-Hofmann s. nūbō. For protidg.-pelasg. origin from the name of a source Νυμφασία Kretschmer Glotta 28, 273 (against this Krahe, s.a.). - Clearly a Pre-Greek word (not in Fur.). So prob. wrong Pok. 978. The nasal could be prenasalization. The voc. in -α may be the old nom. (Beekes, Pre-Greek endings).Page in Frisk: 2,Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > νύμφη
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4 Κορύβαντες
Grammatical information: m. pl.Meaning: `Corybantes', priests of the Phrygian Cybele (E., Ar., Str.), sg. Κορύβας ` Ρέας ἱερεύς H.; also Κύρβαντες, sg. - ας (Pherecyd., S.).Derivatives: κορυβάντειος `Corybantian' (AP), - αντικός `id.' (Plu.), - αντίς f. `id.' (Nonn.), - αντώδης `C.-like' (Luc.), - αντεῖον n. `C.-temple' (Str.); κορυβαντιάω `to be filled with frenzy like the C.' (Pl., Longin.) with - ιασμός (D. H., Longin.); κορυβαντίζω `consecrate in the C. rites' (Ar. V. 119, Iamb.) with - ισμός κάθαρσις μανίας H.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Formation as Ἄβαντες, ἀλίβαντες a. o. (Schwyzer 526, Chantraine Formation 269). Etymology unknown; after the origin, Phrygian. Hypothesis of Kretschmer Sprache 2, 67f.: as Phrygian to OWNo. huerfa `turn oneself etc.' (Goth. ƕairban, s. on 2. καρπός). The variation whows that the word was in origin Pre-Greek, so Kretschmer's IE etymology must b abandoned (for Kretschmer the Phrygians were the only IE people in Anatolia, so he liked to find IE Phrygian etymologies, forgetting that the Phrygians took over much from earlier peoples in Anatolia). Which of the two forms was the original is far from easy to establish; Kretschmer thought is was Κύρβαντες (from where Κορύβ- arose through adaptation to κόρυς, which seems improbable to me). Fur. 359 thinks that in Pre-Greek a sequence υ - υ became ο - υ; so he too thinks that Κύρβ- was original (giving *Κυρυβ- \> Κορυβ-). [Not here with Kretschmer as Phryg. LW [loanword] κύρβις `turning table' (s. v.).] Rejecting the traditional etym. from κοῦρος, he assumes a form Κορυ-β- as the stem of κόρυψ νεανίσκος and thus explains Κορύβαντες. However, in this way he seems to forget that he took Κύρβαντες as the original form.Page in Frisk: 1,923-924Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > Κορύβαντες
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5 kolojojo
------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] kolojojo kijivu[Swahili Plural] kolojojo kijivu[English Word] grey longbill[English Plural] grey longbills[Taxonomy] Macrosphenus concolor[Part of Speech] noun[Class] 9/10an[Terminology] ornithology------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] kolojojo manjano[Swahili Plural] kolojojo manjano[English Word] yellow longbill[English Plural] yellow longbills[Taxonomy] Macrosphenus flavicans[Part of Speech] noun[Class] 9/10an[Terminology] ornithology------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] kolojojo wa Kretschmer[Swahili Plural] kolojojo wa Kretschmer[English Word] Kretschmer's longbill[English Plural] Kretschmer's longbills[Taxonomy] Macrosphenus kretschmeri[Part of Speech] noun[Class] 9/10an[Terminology] ornithology------------------------------------------------------------ -
6 Ποσειδῶν
Ποσειδῶν, -ῶνος Ruijgh REG 80(1967)6-16 Lampas 1.4 99fGrammatical information: m.Meaning: `Poseidon' (Att.).Dialectal forms: Myc. Posedao, dat. -ne.Derivatives: Beside it ep. poet. Ποσειδάων, - άωνος, Ion. - έων, lyr., also Cret., Epid., Arc. a.o. inscr. Ποσειδάν, Arc. also Ποσοιδάν, from where Lac. Ποhοιδάν (on the acc. Hdn. 2, 914 a. 916). With - τ- in Dor. forms from diff. areas: Ποτειδά(Ϝ)ων, - δάν, also (Dor. a. Att. com.) Ποτ(ε)ιδᾶς; further also (Aeol.?) Ποτοιδαν (Pergam. Va). -- From it 1. Ποσειδώνιος (also as PN), - δαώνιος, - δάνιος, Ποτειδάνιος `consecrated to P.', esp. - ιον n. `temple of P.' 2. Ποσιδήϊος (ep. Ion. beside Aeol. Ποσειδάων, metr. condit.; Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 20), - δεῖος, - δαῖος, - ιον n. `id.', Myc. Posidaijo, with Ποσιδηϊών, - δεών IA. Monthname. 3. Ποτείδαια f. name of a Corinth. colony on Chalkidike. 4. Ποτιδάϊχος Boeot. PN (Bechtel Dial. 1, 267).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]Etymology: From Ποτειδά̄Ϝων (like Μαχά̄-ων, Άρετά-ων a.o.; Schwyzer 521) arose through contraction - δῶν, - δάν; beside it - δᾶς; cf. Έρμ-άων, - άν, - έας, - ῆς (Kretschmer Glotta 9, 217). The adj. Ποσιδήϊος prob. rather after Όδυσήϊος, Νηλήϊος a.o. than (with Schwyzer 271) from an unatt. *Ποσιδᾶς. The assibilated forms must be generalized from Ποσι- beside older Ποτει-. -- God of the waters (rivers, sources, of the sea). The name is not certainly interpreted. Already by Fick Curt. Stud. 8, 307 explained as univerbation of a voc. *Πότει Δᾶς `o Lord (spouse) of Da, i.e. the earth' (s. Δήμητηρ), an interpretation, which was accepted by Hoffmann and esp. by Kretschmer several times (e.g. Glotta 1, 27 f., 382f.; 13, 245; 22, 255, Wien. Stud. 24, 523ff.) argued and presented with consent of several scholars (Schulze, v. Wilamowitz [s. Schwyzer 271], Mayrhofer AnzAltWiss. 5 [1952] 59 ff., Schachermeyr Poseidon und die Entstehung des griech. Götterglaubens [Bern 1950] 13 ff., Schwyzer 446 a. 572). Ποσι- was then taken as a younger form of the voc., Ποτοι- sometimes (e.g. Schwyzer l.c.) explained as old ablaut-form (rejected by Kretschmer Glotta 1, 383). -- Rejection or doubt by Bechtel Dial. 1, 64f., Fraenkel Lexis 3, 50 ff., thus by several other scholars, who proposed instead other, certainly not better hypotheses: Ehrlich Betonung 81 ff. (to ποταμός and οἶδμα; by Kretschmer Glotta 6, 294 rejected); Heubeck IF 64, 225 ff. (to πόντος and δαῆναι); Carnoy Les ét. class. 22, 342 (2. member to Skt. dā́nu- `drop, dew'). Older attempts w. rich lit. in Nilsson Gr. Rel. 1, 445 w. n. 2 a. 3. -- Ruijgh REG 80(1967)6-16 concludes that Pre-Greek origin remains a possibility, which seems to me the most probable conclusion. I would posit a form *patyaitūn, with a pronounced [o] after labial, with ai pronounded as [ei] as often, and with ū = ω; but I found no confirmation of this reconstruction.Page in Frisk: 2,583-584Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > Ποσειδῶν
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7 ἀσκός
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `animal skin, hide', mostly `bag made of it' (Il.).Dialectal forms: ῝᾽ἀκκόρ· ἀσκός, Λάκωνες. H.Derivatives: ἀσκίτης (sc. ὕδρωψ) m. `dropsy, patient with this illness' (Epicur.); ἄσκωμα `leather padding' of the hole which served for the rowlock (Ar.). Denom. verb ἀσκώσατο ἠχθέσθη H. (Koukoules Άρχ. Έφ. 27, 61ff.). S. on ἀσκώλια.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Unknown. See Kretschmer Glotta 15, 197; Specht KZ 66, 220 (Skt. átka- `garment'. - Note Ϝασκώνδας Boeot. PN; but there is no trace of Ϝ- in Homer. Cf. Kretschmer Glotta 9, 21 5f. Thieme, Heimat 579 (*ἀγ-sko-, from `goat'); Mayrhofer Gedenkschrift Kretschmer 2, 36-39 (*Ϝαρσκο- with Skt. pra-vraska- `cut'; Taillardat, Rev. Et.Gr. 73 (1960) 13. (Not to φάσκωλος, Fur. 241.)Page in Frisk: 1,165Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀσκός
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8 κίνδυνος
Grammatical information: m.Compounds: as 2. member e. g. in ἐπι-κίνδυνος `connected with danger' (IA.).Derivatives: κινδυνώδης `dangerous' (Hp., Plb.), κινδυνεύω `take (the) risk' (IA.) with κινδύνευμα `risk' (S., E., Pl.), - ευτής `dare-devil' (Th., D. C.; cf. Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 73), - ευτικός `dangerous, adventurous' (Arist.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: No etymology. The formally attractive connection with κίνδαξ, ὀνο-κίνδιος (which does not belong to κινεῖν! s.s.v.) from Prellwitz Wb., Vendryes REGr. 25, 461f., who compare further Lat. solli-citus `be in danger') gives semantically only one theoretical possibility. Hypothetical is also the proposal by Schulzes (in Sittig KZ 52, 207f.; agreeing a. o. Schwyzer 335, Specht KZ 66, 5), that κίνδυνος is an old expression of the game of dices with assimilation for *κύν-δυ-νος, from κύων as designation of an unsuccesful throw (as Skt. śvan-, Lat. canis; cf. on Κανδαύλης) and a word for `dice, -game' in Skt. dī́vyati `dice', dyūtá- n. `-game'; both phonetically and morphologically doubtfull, s. Kretschmer KZ 55, 90f.; rejected by Kuiper Μνήμης χάριν 1, 217 n. 26. S. also Taillardat, REAnc. 1956, 189-194. For foreign (Pre-Greek or (=) Anatolian) origin Debrunner Eberts Reallexikon 526, Kretschmer l. c. - On κίνδυνος = ἡ ἐν πρῴρα σελίς (H.), from where NGr. (Naxos) `bed', Andriotis Glotta 25, 19f. - Kuiper, GS Kretschmer. 1956, 217 gives κίνδῡν (Alc., Sapph.) as a true ending of a Pre-Greek word (not in Fur.).Page in Frisk: 1,854-855Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κίνδυνος
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9 λαβύρινθος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `labyrinth', great building with many corridors and turns, in Egypt (Hdt., Str.), Crete (Call., D. S.), Anatolia (inscr. Miletus) etc.; metaph. of complicated thoughts (Pl.);Dialectal forms: Myc. dapu₂ritojo \/ laburinthojo\/Compounds: λαβυρινθώδης `l.-like, complicated' (Arist.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Pre-Greek word in - ινθος, since long (M. Mayer Jb. d. deut. arch. Inst. 7 [1892], 191) connected with λάβρυς, after Plu. 2,302a Lydian for πέλεκυς, and as "House of the Double Axe" (as sign of royalty) interpreted; here also the Carian god Δαβραυνδος. Thus esp. Kretschmer Einleitung 404 and more, e. g. Glotta 28, 244 ff. ; s. also v. Wilamowitz Glaube 1, 121, Nilsson Gr. Rel. 1,276f. Güntert Labyrinth 1ff. connects λαύρα, `stony, plastered street v. s.' (s. v.; but not to *λᾶϜας `stone' ( λάβρυς prop. *"stone axe"), with λέπας, Lat. lapis etc., which was by Kretschmer Glotta 22, 252 f. and Specht KZ 66, 33 f. for phonetic reasons rightly rejected. For connection with λαύρα, [ λᾶας] also Brandenstein Sprache 2, 72 ff. (against it Messing Lang. 30, 107), Deroy Glotta 35, 173ff. After Kretschmer Sprache 2, 152 ff. λαβύρινθος in the meaning `terraced building' (Apollotemple in Didyma) perhaps a contamination with λαύρα(?). - New theory by Gallavotti Par. del Pass. 12, 161 ff.: because of Myc. dapu₂ rito = λαβύρινθος from *δαβύρινθος as `protoidg.' to θάπτω etc.Page in Frisk: 2,67Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > λαβύρινθος
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10 μέταλλον
Grammatical information: n.Meaning: `mine, quarry' (Hdt., Th., X., Att. inscr.), late also `mineral, metal' (Nonn., AP, backformation from μεταλλεύω).Derivatives: 1. μεταλλεῖα n. pl. `minerals, metals' (Pl. Lg. 678 d), substantiv. of *μεταλλεῖος `belonging to a mine'. 2. μεταλλικός `belonging to the mines' (D., Arist.). 3. μεταλλεύς m. `miner' (Lys., Pl. Lg., Att. inscr.; Boßhardt 60f.); from there, or from μέταλλον, 4. μεταλλεύω `be miner, work in the mines, dig up from quarries' (Pl., LXX, Arist.) with μεταλλ-εία (Pl., Str.), - ευσις (Ph. Bel.) `mining', - ευτής = μεταλλεύς (Str.; Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 63 f.), - ευτικός `belonging to mining' (Pl. Lg., Arist., pap.). 5. μεταλλίζομαι `be condemned to the mines' ( Cod. Just.). 6. μεταλλῖτις γῆ τις H. (Redard 108). -- On itself stands μεταλλάω `investigate, inquire, examine' (Il., late prose), cf. below.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Technical term for mining and as such suspect to be a loan. The attempt to explain μέταλλον from μεταλλάω as backformation (Eichhorn, De graecae linguae nominibus deriv. retrogr. conformatis. Diss. Göttingen 1912, S. 47 f.; rejected by Kretschmer Glotta 6, 299, but accepted by id. Glotta 32, 1 n. 1), does not help, as for the verb no convincing etymology has been found; the explanation from μετ' ἄλλα, prop. "(inquire) after other (things)", e.g. Buttmann Lexilogus 1, 139 f. (with Eust.), Kretschmer l.c., is hardly convincing. Much more probable is, to see in the denominative μεταλλάω an orig. tecnical term, which was by ep. poets used in metaph. sense, but further came out of use. -- For foreign origin a. o. Debrunner Eberts Reallex. 4: 2,525, Krahe Die Antike 15, 181, Kretschmer Glotta 31, 13; on Pre-Greek - αλλ- Beekes, FS Kortlandt. Vain IE a. Sem. interpretations in Bq. -- Lat. LW [loanword] metallum `mining, metal', from where NHG Metall etc.; on further derivv. in western and eastern languages Maidhof Glotta 10, 14 f.Page in Frisk: 2,216-217Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μέταλλον
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11 Δημήτηρ
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: the Greek mother goddess (Il.). See further Schwyzer 567f., Sommer Nominalkomp. 147,Dialectal forms: Though one might expect the name in Myc., it happens not to be found. Δαμάτηρ (Dor. etc.), also Δωμάτηρ, Δαμμάτερι (Thess.),Derivatives: Δημήτριος `belonging to D.' (A.), also as PN, from which the months name Δημητριών (Attica); Δημητρίεια pl. `feast for Demeter' (Samos IVa; after Άσκληπίεια a.o.), Δημήτρια pl. also `feast for Demetrios'; Δημητριασταί N. of the worshippers of Demeter (Ephesos; cf. Άπολλωνιασταί etc.); Δημητριακός `belonging to Demeter or Demetrios' (D. S.); Δημήτρειοι pl. name of the dead (Plu.). - Denomin. δαματρίζειν τὸ συνάγειν τὸν Δημητριακὸν καρπόν. Κύπριοι H. - Short form Δηώ (h. Cer. etc.) with Δηῳ̃ος and Δηωΐνη `daughter of D.'.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: By Kretschmer Wien. Stud. 24, 523ff., Glotta 17, 240 taken as "Mother Earth", from δᾶ, a kind of `Lallwort', perhaps Pre-Greek `Earth', and μάτηρ. There is however, no indication that δᾶ (s.v.) means `earth' (though it has also been assumed in the name Poseidon). Nach Ehrlich Betonung 62ff. (with Fraenkel Lexis 3, 50ff.), from *Δασ-μάτηρ, from IE *dm̥s-, gen. of * dem- `house' (cf. δεσπότης); rightly rejected by Kretschmer Glotta 6, 294. Pisani IF 53, 28ff. and Georgiev Urgriechen und Illyrier (Sofia 1937) 9ff., 20ff. consider the word, like Δαμία, Δμία etc. as Illyrian and compare Alb. dhe `earth' (s. χθών); rejected by Kretschmer Glotta 27, 31. Acc. to Carnoy Mélanges Bidez 71ff. Δη- is only a different development of γῆ. Cf. Fraenkel Glotta 3, 58f. (also on Δαμία, Μνία); diff. on these words (to δόμος etc.) Danielsson Eranos 1, 79f. - Cf. Messap. damatura, prob. name of a goddess (Krahe Sprache der Illyr. 1, 82); the Mess. word must be an adaptation of the Greek name; cf. Δειπάτυρος s. Ζεύς). - Heubeck, Praegraeca 75-8 starts from `Phryg.' Γδαν-μαυα\/ Γδανμαα, and sees in the first element a cognate of Gr. χθών; he suggests that the form Δω(μ-) goes back on *ghdhōn-. However, he connects the whole with his Minoan-Minyan hypothesis (a separate IE language), which is unconvincing. - On Demeter Nilsson Gr. Rel. 1, 456ff.Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > Δημήτηρ
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12 Όδυσσεύς
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: son of Laertes and Antikleia, king of the island Ithaka (Il.).Other forms: ep. also Όδυσεύς (metr. shortening?; cf. on Άχιλλεύς). Several byforms with λ (cf. Schwyzer 209 a. 333, Heubeck Praegraeca 24ff.): Όλυσ(σ)εύς, Όλυτ(τ)εύς, Όλισεύς a.o. (vase-inscr.), Οὑλιξεύς (Hdn. Gr.), Lat. Ulixēs; the δ-form is only epic-liter. ascertained.Derivatives: Όδυσήϊος (σ 353). Όδύσσεια f. `the Odyssey' (Hdt., Pl.) with Όδυσσειακός `belonging to Od.' (Hdn. Gr., sch.), τὰ Όδύσσεια `Odyssean games' (Magn. Mae. IIIa); Όλισ-σεῖδαι pl. m. name of a family ( φράτρα) in Thebes and Argos (inscr.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: By the ep. poets (e.g. τ 407 ff.) folketymologicallu connected with ὀδύσσομαι (Linde Glotta 13, 223, Risch Eumusia [Festschr. Howald 1947] 82 f., Stanford ClassPhil. 47, 209 ff.). Modern interpreters sought the origin of the name partly in the Greek West or on the continent, partly in Asia Minor. For western, Illyrian-Epirotic origin Helbig Herm. 11, 281 (doubts by Kretschmer Einl. 280ff. with Ed. Meyer), Krahe IF 49, 143, v. Windekens Herm. 86, 121 ff. (w. lit.); for continental origin Bosshardt 138 f. (also on the phonetics); for Asia Minor Hrozný Arch. Or. 1, 338, Gemser Arch. f. Orientforsch. 3, 183 (from Babyl. Hitt. Ul(l)uš?; on this Kretschmer Glotta 18, 215), Kretschmer Glotta 28, 253 a. 278 (Odysseus as Anatoliian Heros to Hatt. Λύξης, Lyd. Λίξος). Quite doubtful attempts, to connect the namen Όδυσσεύς with the name of his maternal gransfather Αὑτόλυκος, by Bolling AmJPh 27, 65 ff., Lang. 29, 293 f. and by v. Windekens l. c. Combinations to be rejected by Theander Eranos 15, 137 ff., Carnoy Muséon 44, 319ff., Focke Saeculum 2, 589f. - The name is of course typically Pre-Greek (Furnée index).Page in Frisk: 2,351-352Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > Όδυσσεύς
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13 славка, суахильская бюльбюлевая
—1. LAT Macrosphenus kretschmeri ( Reichenow et Neumann)2. RUS суахильская бюльбюлевая славка f3. ENG Kretschmer’s longbill, Kretschmer’s greenbul4. DEU Suaheli-Bülbülgrasmücke f5. FRA —DICTIONARY OF ANIMAL NAMES IN FIVE LANGUAGES — BIRDS > славка, суахильская бюльбюлевая
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14 ἄναυρος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `torrent' (Mosch.); also river name in Thessaly (Hes. Sc. 477 etc.) and Acarnania.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Kretschmer Glotta 10, 51ff. interpreted the word as "waterless", from the bed dried up in summer; cf. ἄναυρος in EM: ὁ ἐξ ὑετῶν συνιστάμενος ποταμός (s. on χαράδρα). Analysed as ἀν- privativum and a word for `water', which is not attested, but also supposed in ἄγλαυρος (s. v.; further in θησαυρός and Κένταυρος, Kretschmer l. c.). Cf. further the source Αὔρα (Nonnos), the Thrac. river Αὔρας (on which also Brandenstein Archiv Orientální 17, 73f). and Italic (Illyrian?) river names like Metaurus, Pisaurus (Krahe IF 48, 216 A. 5), Isaurus (Lucanus; Pisani Beitr. z. Namenforschung 2, 65ff.). - The second element is compared with Skt. vā́r(i) and in Germ. e.g. ONo. aurr m. if `whet, water' ; Pok. 80f; but Toch. A wär, B wari continues * udr-. - Krahe connects river names like Avara, Avantia (supposed to be cognate with Skt. avatá-, Latv. avuõts etc), Beitr. z. Namenforschung 4, 49 and 115). - No doubt a non-Greek, quite probably non-IE word. If the connection with Krahe's river names is correct, it is certainly non-IE. The assumption of negative ἀν- is quite improbable (it is due to the desire to make everything as Greek and Indo-European as possible, even when everything points in another direction). - Fur. 230 compares (with the names mentioned) Μέταβος = Μεταπόντιον and the river Μεσσάπιος in Crete (with Pre-Greek labial\/F); interesting is then the river name ῎Ανᾱπος in Acarnania and Sicily. Of course, the fact that these forms have no -r-, makes the comparison very doubtful.Page in Frisk: 1,103-104Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἄναυρος
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15 ἀνήρ
ἀνήρ, ἀνδρόςGrammatical information: m.Meaning: `man' (Il.).Other forms: acc. ἄνδρα (Hom. also ἀνέρα, from where ἀνέρος etc.; on the inflexion s. Schwyzer 568β). Atano s. belowCompounds: As first member ἀνδρο-: - κμητος, κτασία; ἀνδραποδον s.v. - As second member - ήνωρ: ῥηξ-, φθεισ- (Hom.); in PN 'Aγ-, Myc. Atano \/Antānōr\/; fem. ἀντι-άνειρα, κυδι-. With - ανδρος: ἄν-, ἕλ-; PN esp. in Asia Minor and Cyprus: ` Ηγησ-, Τερπ-; Hom. Άλεξ-. For the question whether this name is really Greek cf. Myc. arekasadara \/Aleksandrā\/, kesadara \/Kessandrā\/ (note that Myc. -e- shows that this is a substr. name). So the forms are already Myc., but it is still not excluded that they are of non-Greek origin (s. Sommer Nominalkomp. 160ff.) - Kuiper MAWNed. NR. 14: 5 thinks that - ήνωρ and νῶρ-οψ contain an old abstract *ἄνερ, *ἄναρ `vital energy' (IE * h₂ner-; also in Skt. sū-nára- etc.).Derivatives: Demin. ἀνδρίον (Com.); from here, with unclear ντ-Suffix, ἀνδριάς, - άντος `statue' (Pi.), cf. Kretschmer Glotta 14, 84ff., Schwyzer 526: 3 u. 4. ἀνδρ(ε)ών m. `man's apartment' (Hdt.). -Abstracts: ἀνδρεία (- ηίη, - ία) `manliness, courage' (A.); ἀνδροτής, - τῆτος s.s.v. ἠνορέη `id.', Ion. for Aeol. ἀ̄νορέα (\< - ρία), (Kretschmer Glotta 24, 245f.), from a compound (cf. εὑανορία Pi.), s. Leumann Hom. Wörter 109f., 123 m. Lit.; - Adjec.: ἀνδρεῖος (Ion. ἀνδρήϊος, cf. Chantr. Form. 52, Schwyzer 468: 3) `manly, courageous', ἀνδρόμεος `human' (Il.; - μεος = Skt. - maya-?).Etymology: ἀνήρ is identical with Arm. ayr, gen. ar̄n `man', Skt. nā́ (stem nar-), NPhryg. αναρ, Ital. ner- in Osc. ner-um `virorum', Lat. Sab. Ner-ō etc. (s. W.-Hofmann s. neriōsus), W. ner `chief', Alb. njer `man'. - Not here Hitt. innar-, in innarau̯atar etwa `(Lebens)kraft, hoheitliche Macht'. - On δρώψ s.s.v. ἄνθρωπος. - Cf. νωρει̃.Page in Frisk: 1,107-108Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀνήρ
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16 ἀνδρός
ἀνήρ, ἀνδρόςGrammatical information: m.Meaning: `man' (Il.).Other forms: acc. ἄνδρα (Hom. also ἀνέρα, from where ἀνέρος etc.; on the inflexion s. Schwyzer 568β). Atano s. belowCompounds: As first member ἀνδρο-: - κμητος, κτασία; ἀνδραποδον s.v. - As second member - ήνωρ: ῥηξ-, φθεισ- (Hom.); in PN 'Aγ-, Myc. Atano \/Antānōr\/; fem. ἀντι-άνειρα, κυδι-. With - ανδρος: ἄν-, ἕλ-; PN esp. in Asia Minor and Cyprus: ` Ηγησ-, Τερπ-; Hom. Άλεξ-. For the question whether this name is really Greek cf. Myc. arekasadara \/Aleksandrā\/, kesadara \/Kessandrā\/ (note that Myc. -e- shows that this is a substr. name). So the forms are already Myc., but it is still not excluded that they are of non-Greek origin (s. Sommer Nominalkomp. 160ff.) - Kuiper MAWNed. NR. 14: 5 thinks that - ήνωρ and νῶρ-οψ contain an old abstract *ἄνερ, *ἄναρ `vital energy' (IE * h₂ner-; also in Skt. sū-nára- etc.).Derivatives: Demin. ἀνδρίον (Com.); from here, with unclear ντ-Suffix, ἀνδριάς, - άντος `statue' (Pi.), cf. Kretschmer Glotta 14, 84ff., Schwyzer 526: 3 u. 4. ἀνδρ(ε)ών m. `man's apartment' (Hdt.). -Abstracts: ἀνδρεία (- ηίη, - ία) `manliness, courage' (A.); ἀνδροτής, - τῆτος s.s.v. ἠνορέη `id.', Ion. for Aeol. ἀ̄νορέα (\< - ρία), (Kretschmer Glotta 24, 245f.), from a compound (cf. εὑανορία Pi.), s. Leumann Hom. Wörter 109f., 123 m. Lit.; - Adjec.: ἀνδρεῖος (Ion. ἀνδρήϊος, cf. Chantr. Form. 52, Schwyzer 468: 3) `manly, courageous', ἀνδρόμεος `human' (Il.; - μεος = Skt. - maya-?).Etymology: ἀνήρ is identical with Arm. ayr, gen. ar̄n `man', Skt. nā́ (stem nar-), NPhryg. αναρ, Ital. ner- in Osc. ner-um `virorum', Lat. Sab. Ner-ō etc. (s. W.-Hofmann s. neriōsus), W. ner `chief', Alb. njer `man'. - Not here Hitt. innar-, in innarau̯atar etwa `(Lebens)kraft, hoheitliche Macht'. - On δρώψ s.s.v. ἄνθρωπος. - Cf. νωρει̃.Page in Frisk: 1,107-108Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀνδρός
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17 ἄνθρωπος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `man' (Il.);Dialectal forms: Myc. atoroqo \/anthrōkʷos\/.Derivatives: Many der.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: No etym. Survey in Seiler Glotta 32, 225ff. and Frisk. ἄνθρωπος resembles Hitt. antuḫšaš `man' (Kretschmer Glotta 9, 231f.; W. Petersen AmJPh 56, 59f.). Improbable Ruijgh, Lingua 25 (1970) 312; Szemerényi, Gnomon 43 (1971) 655f.; vW. - As no IE explanation has been found, the word will be a substr. word. Myc. - oq- does not prove IE origin, as the substr. language had labio-velars ( βασιλεύς). Kuiper gave a substr. interpretation on the basis of δρώψ, FS Kretschmer, 1, 211f; Lingua 21 (1968) 275f.; defended by Beekes, Glotta 73 (1995\/6) 13-15.Page in Frisk: 1,110-111Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἄνθρωπος
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18 ἄ̄ρδω
ἄ̄ρδωGrammatical information: v.Meaning: `irrigate, give drink' (Pi.).Other forms: ἀ̄- foll. Hdn. Gr. 2, 109.Compounds: νεο-αρδής `recently watered' (Φ 346).Derivatives: ἀρδμός `drinking place' (Il.), ἀρδάλια τοὺς πυθμένας τῶν κεραμίδων, οὕς ἔνιοι γοργύρας καλοῦσιν H.Origin: XX [etym. unknown] PGX [probably a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: No etymology. Kretschmer Glotta 3, 294f. explains the length from *ἀ-Ϝάρδω with prothetic vowel. Connection with ἐρράδαται (\< *ϜεϜράδαται), to Latv. werdīt `sprudeln', Lith. versmė̃ `spring', is prob. wrong, because the δ in ἐρράδαται (to ῥαίνω) is secondary (Schwyzer 672), and because of the meaning of the Baltic words. Fur. compares παρδακός (241) `humid' (very doubtful) and ἄρσεα λειμῶνες Η. (254; - σος being a pre-Greek suffix; attractive); he also assumes a (substr.) prothetic vowel comparing νεοαρδής (so did Kretschmer, but that was pre-laryngealistic). Neumann, Unters. 91, noted that several words for irrigation are pre-Greek ( γοργύρα, ἄνδηρα).Page in Frisk: 1,135Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἄ̄ρδω
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19 ἀτραπός
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `(foot)path' (Hdt.).Other forms: ἀταρπός (Il.). ἀταρπιτός (Il.), ἀτραπιτός (Od.) after ἁμαξιτός (s. v.; and Kretschmer KZ 38, 129). ἀτραπητός AB 460.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Generally taken as α copulativum and the verbal stem τραπ- seen in τραπέω `tread (grapes)' (s. v.), with o-grade in τροπέοντο ἐπάτουν H. Possible, though the formation is strange. Rather a substr. word given the meaning, and the change αρ\/ρα: with IE words one of the variants is analogical, which seems impossible here. Russ. tropá id. (Fraenkel Gedenkschr. Kretschmer 1, 104) could point to a European substr. word (cf. Beekes 125 J. Idg.)Page in Frisk: 1,180-181Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀτραπός
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20 βοηθόος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `who brings help (in war)' (Il.; on the meaning Schulze Kl. Schr. 188).Other forms: Dor. βοᾱθόος, att. and Hdt. βοηθός (s. below)Derivatives: From this a denominative Aetol. βοᾱθοέω, (Lesb. βᾱθόημι), through hyphairesis (Schwyzer 252) Dor. βοᾱθέω, Att. and Hdt. βοηθέω `come to help on a cry, help' (cf. Kretschmer, Glotta 18, 96f.). - From βοαθόος bzw. βοηθό(ο)ς: Aetol. βοαθοΐα (\< *βοαθοϜία), Att. βοήθεια (rebuilt after the nouns in - ειᾰ [Schwyzer 469]) `help'. - From βοηθέω as reverse deriv. βοηθός (or constracted from βοηθόος, s. Schwyzer 469, Sommer Nominalkomp. 26 A. 4). βοήθησις `help' (Hp.).Origin: GR [a formation built with Greek elements]Etymology: βοηθόος from an expression like ( ἐπὶ) βοην θεῖν (s. Schulze Kl. Schr. 188). (The - ο- from *θοϜ-ο-?) - After βοηθέω, βοηθός were made the synonyms βοηδρομέω (Eur.) with the feast name βοηδρόμια pl. (D.; months name Βοηδρομιών, Βοηδρόμιος) and βοηδρόμος (E.; on the connection s. E. Kretschmer, Glotta 18, 1930, 96ff.).Page in Frisk: 1,248Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > βοηθόος
См. также в других словарях:
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Kretschmer, Paul — ▪ German linguist born May 2, 1866, Berlin died March 9, 1956, Vienna linguist who studied the earliest history and interrelations of the Indo European languages and showed how they were influenced by non Indo European languages, such as… … Universalium
